Improvement in windmills



J. B. cUsHMAN.

wind-Mill.`

Patented Oct. 8, 1872l //f/zwmf. l fave/Zim. 4% MM l PATENT OFFICE.

JOSIAH B. CUSHMAN, OF THOMSON, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN WINDMILLS.

Specification `forming part of Letters Patent No. 132,060, dated October8, 1872.

To all whom it may concern:

Bc it known that I, J OsIAH B. GUSHMAN, of Thomson, Illinois, have madeand invented a new and useful Improvement in Windmills, of which thefollowing is a specification:

- Nature cmd Objects of the Intention.

My invention has reference to windmills, and consists of a horizontalframe with standards, which support a tubular shaft, to the forward endof which the principal wings or sails are attached. A rod that passesthrough the tubular shaft is connected at its rear end with a fan, whichstands at right angles to the rod and belowthe frame, its forward endbeing provided with a spider, the arms of which passing throughhorizontal ears therein control the position of the principal win gs orsails. Thus the position of the principal wings or sails is governed bythe action of the wind upon the sail connected with the rod that passesthrough the tubular shaft, as aforesaid. The object of my invention isto provide a windmill of a desirable construction, and one that is notliable to dangers arising from sudden or varying high winds.

General Description.

is designed to turn the frame so as to present the principal wings orsails G to the wind. C is a tubular shaft, the ends of which turn insockets or bearings in the standards D that are secured to the frame Ain any appropriate manner. The rear end of the shaft C rests in a socketor bearing in the standard D, its forward end being extended beyond thestandard D', to which the hub E is attached. A The hub E is constructedof metal or other suitable material, and is made suciently strong forthe purposes for which it is designed. In it are inserted the metallicarms F, upon which the principal wings or sails G turn. To the arms F,at a suitable distance below the wings G, a circular brace, H, isattached, the arms F passing through it, their lower ends terminating,as aforesaid, in the hub E, their up. per ends extending beyond theupper edges of the fans G. The fans or wings G are constructed of anydesired form and material, and are arranged with the ears g, orotherwise, to turn upon the arms F. At the lower, forward, or outercorners of the fans or wings G horizontal ears d are provided, throughwhich pass the arms P of the spider, as will hereinafter more fullyappear. Constructed to slide and turn within the tubular shaft C is theroundmetallic rod or shaft K. The rear end of the rodK passes throughahole in the bowed end of the. open metallic link L, ya head beingprovided to prevent its sliding out of place and to assist in itsoperation. At the open end of the link is pi voted/the vertical arm M,that, passing down through the frame A, to which it is attached by thepin m so as to swing freely, has fastened to its lower extremity the fanN, which depends below and nearly at right angles with the rudder-fan B.To the forward end of the rod K, which extends beyond the hub E, isfastened a spider, which consists of the hub O and arms P. The hub O isof metal and rigidly attached to the rod K, as may be desired. It is ofsuch length that when it rests against the hub E the fans G will standat an angle greater than fortyve degrees to the shaft C. It may beconstructed with a collar, or a detached collar may be used to preventthe arms P from turning too far, and thus dislocating the fans G andother parts. The arms P are metallic rods, rigidly secured in the hub O.Their number corresponds with the number of the sails or fans G, andthey pass up through the horizontal ears d, with which the fans Gareprovided, being arranged for that purpose. Their upper ends may be bent,as shown, to facilitate their operation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and useful, anddesire 4to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The spider herein described, consisting of the hub O and arms P, incombination with the sails G, provided with the ears d, for for thepurposes shown and described.

2. The spider Aherein described, consisting of the hub O and arms P, 'incombination with the rod K, link L, arm M, and fan N for the uses and.purposes herein shown and de- I have hereunto set my haiid and seal this10th scribed. day of August, 1872.

3. The ears (l upon the corners of the fans v Gr7 for the uses andpurposes shown and de- JOSIAH B' CUSHMAN' [L- Si scribed. Witnesses:

In testimony that I claim the foregoing improvenientiu Windmills, asabove described7 J AMES FRGUSON, EMILY CLARK.

